Abstract

We present a new and improved implementation of a programmable array microscope (PAM) based on a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) spatial light modulator. The PAM provides optical sectioning in a wide-field microscope with greatly enhanced speed and sensitivity compared to conventional point-scanning confocal microscopes.1-3 Furthermore, one obtains the ability to structure the spatial distribution and dose of illumination in the field of view according to the brightness levels observed in the sample. Such optimized light exposure (OLE) prolongs the available duration of imaging in time lapse experiments because of reduced photobleaching.4Recent improvements in DMD reflectivity (up to 68%), format size (1080p), and speed (25 KHz binary frame rate) have enabled the design and development of a more light-efficient dual path PAM. The performance of this instrument will be described and compared to that of conventional point-scanning and spinning disk confocal microscopes.1 Q.S. Hanley et al., J. Microsc. 196, 317-331 (1999); 2 R. Heintzmann et al., J. Microsc. 204, 119-137 (2001) ; 3 Hagen et al., Micros. Res. Techniq., 72, 431-440 (2009). 4 W. Caarls et al., manuscript in prepration

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