A generalized canine transfer function accurately reconstructs central aortic pressure waveforms to enable enhanced pulse wave analysis

Abstract

Routine preclinical blood pressure evaluation is an important risk assessment tool. Although proximal aortic pressure is most relevant for key target organs, abdominal aortic pressures are more commonly recorded. Pulse pressure amplification and waveform distortion in abdominal waveforms make it inappropriate for central hemodynamic analytical methods without the use of a mathematical transfer function. Clinical transfer functions have been developed to estimate ascending aortic waveforms from brachial or radial artery waveforms in humans, but no preclinical analogues exist. The aim of this study was to develop a canine-specific transfer function to reconstruct thoracic aortic pressure waveforms from abdominal aortic data to enable the application of central hemodynamic analytical methods. Simultaneous abdominal and thoracic blood pressures were recorded from seven conscious, male beagle dogs administered 3 well-characterized pharmacologic standards and animals were appointed to a training (n = 3) or validation (n = 4) group at baseline and during dosing. A generalized transfer function was developed from the training group data and evaluated for its ability to synthesize thoracic pressure waves in the training and validation groups. Select hemodynamic parameters were evaluated in measured and synthesized thoracic data. There was a high degree of correlation between measured and synthesized thoracic parameters (r2 = 0.74–0.99). There was no difference between indices computed from synthesized or actual thoracic waveforms at baseline or after administration of pharmacologic standards. This work demonstrates that a generalized preclinical transfer function can reproduce thoracic pressure waves across a range of hemodynamic responses thus enabling the application of central hemodynamic analytical methods.