Abstract
The preparation of carbon nanotube (CNT)/PdO nanoparticles and graphene oxide (GO)/PdO nanoparticle hybrids via a general aqueous solution strategy is reported. The PdO nanoparticles are generated in situ on the CNTs and GO by a one-step “green” synthetic approach in aqueous Pd(NO3)2 solution under ambient conditions without adding any additional chemicals. The production of PdO is confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The morphologies of the resulting CNT/PdO and GO/PdO nanohybrids are characterized by transmission and/or scanning transmission electron microscopy. PdO nanoparticles with an average size of 2–3 nm in diameter are decorated evenly along the surfaces of CNTs and GO. This synthesis strategy is demonstrated to be compatible for 1) CNTs with different modifications, including pristine, oxidized, and polymer-functionalized CNTs; 2) different types of CNTs, including single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs); and 3) different shapes of carbon materials, including tubular CNTs and planar GO. The as-prepared CNT/PdO and GO/PdO nanohybrids can be transformed into CNT/Pd and GO/Pd nanohybrids by reduction with NaBH4, and can then be used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
Highlights
Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit greater catalytic efficiency per gram than bulk catalysts due to their higher surface-to-volume ratio [1]
Since the high catalytic activity of palladium oxide (PdO) has been demonstrated in many previous works [4,5,6,7], the carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/PdO and Graphene oxide (GO)/PdO nanohybrids could find their important applications in heterogeneous catalysis
By mixing Pd(NO3)2 and various kinds of CNTs in an aqueous solution at room temperature in air, PdO is automatically produced in situ along the convex surfaces of CNTs by chemical reaction (1), resulting in the CNT/PdO nanohybrids
Summary
Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit greater catalytic efficiency per gram than bulk catalysts due to their higher surface-to-volume ratio [1]. Almost all of these previous synthesis processes employed the impregnation technique, which includes incipient wetness impregnation of supports with palladium precursor solutions followed by the calcination at an elevated temperature to completely decompose the palladium precursor. This impregnation technique is complex and tedious to perform, and is not suitable for some supports that cannot tolerate high temperatures. The one-step synthesis is conducted in mild conditions, facilitating the simple and scalable production of PdO-contained nanohybrids This aqueous solution strategy is a general strategy that is useful for various kinds of carbon nanomaterials, including pristine or oxidized single-, double- or multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, DWCNTs, and MWCNTs, respectively), polymer-functionalized CNTs, and GO. Since the high catalytic activity of PdO has been demonstrated in many previous works [4,5,6,7], the CNT/PdO and GO/PdO nanohybrids could find their important applications in heterogeneous catalysis
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
