A General 3D Nonstationary Vehicle-to-Vehicle Channel Model Allowing 3D Arbitrary Trajectory and 3D-Shaped Antenna Array

Qiuming Zhu,Dazhuan Xu,Weidong Li,Ying Yang,Xiaomin Chen,Weizhi Zhong

doi:10.1155/2019/8708762

Abstract

Most of the existing channel model for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications only considered that the terminals were equipped with linear antenna arrays and moved with fixed velocities. Nevertheless, under the realistic environment, those models are not practical since the velocities and trajectories of mobile transmitter (MT) and mobile receiver (MR) could be time-variant and unpredictable due to the complex traffic conditions. This paper develops a general 3D nonstationary V2V channel model, which is based on the traditional geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs) and the twin-cluster approach. In contrast to the traditional models, this new model is characterized by 3D scattering environments, 3D antenna arrays, and 3D arbitrary trajectories of both terminals and scatterers. The calculating methods of channel parameters are also provided. In addition, the statistical properties, i.e., spatial-temporal correlation function (STCF) and Doppler power spectrum density (DPSD), are derived in detail. Simulation results have demonstrated that the output statistical properties of the proposed model agree well with the theoretical and measured results, which verifies the effectiveness of theoretical derivations and channel model as well.

Highlights

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications can improve the safety of life and property by collecting and exchanging environment information under complex traffic [1]
2D nonstationary V2V geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs) with fixed clusters [11, 12] or moving scatterers [13] were studied and the statistical properties, i.e., the temporal correlation function (TCF), spatial correlation function (SCF), and Doppler power spectrum density (DPSD), were analyzed. e authors in [14] proposed a 2D V2V channel model with random movement scatterers. e aforementioned 2D channel models were only considered on the horizontal plane
TCF, we calculate the maximum difference between the approximated and numerical integral results over φin and i θn Figure shows the results of maximum absolute error with different κ, normalized space lags, and time lags

Summary

Research Article

A General 3D Nonstationary Vehicle-to-Vehicle Channel Model Allowing 3D Arbitrary Trajectory and 3D-Shaped Antenna Array. Most of the existing channel model for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications only considered that the terminals were equipped with linear antenna arrays and moved with fixed velocities. Is paper develops a general 3D nonstationary V2V channel model, which is based on the traditional geometry-based stochastic models (GBSMs) and the twincluster approach. In contrast to the traditional models, this new model is characterized by 3D scattering environments, 3D antenna arrays, and 3D arbitrary trajectories of both terminals and scatterers. Simulation results have demonstrated that the output statistical properties of the proposed model agree well with the theoretical and measured results, which verifies the effectiveness of theoretical derivations and channel model as well

Introduction

Im erfi

Simulation Results and Validation

VMF distribution to depict AoAs and AoDs and set κ as

Absolute value of TCF