Abstract
Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are promising electrochemical devices which translate chemical energy directly into electric energy with high efficiency and low pollution. However, the control of the output voltage of SOFCs is quite challenging because of the strong nonlinearity, limited fuel flow, and rapid variation of the load disturbance. Nowadays, proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers are commonly utilized in industrial control systems for their high reliability and simplicity. However, it will lead to overshoot and windup issues when used in the wide-range operation of SOFCs. This paper aims to improve the PID controller performance based on fuzzy logic by (1) identifying a linear model based on the least squares method; (2) optimizing the PID parameters based on the generated linear model; and (3) designing a fuzzy adaptive PID controller based on the optimized parameters. The simulation results of the conventional PID controller and the fuzzy adaptive PID controller are compared, demonstrating that the proposed controller can achieve satisfactory control performance for SOFCs in terms of anti-windup, overshoot reduction, and tracking acceleration. The main contribution of this paper can be summarized as: (1) this paper identifies the SOFC model and uses the identified model as a control object to optimize conventional PID controllers; (2) this paper combines a fuzzy logic control scheme and PID control scheme to design our proposed fuzzy adaptive PID controller; and (3) this paper develops an anti-windup structure based on a back-calculation method to reduce saturation time and overshoot.
Highlights
A fuel cell is an efficient electrochemical device which translates chemical energy into electrical energy [1]
This paper (1) identifies the Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) model and uses the identified model as a control object to optimize conventional PID controllers; (2) combines a fuzzy logic control scheme and a PID control scheme to design our proposed fuzzy adaptive PID controller; and (3) develops an anti-windup structure based on a back-calculation method to reduce saturation time and overshoot
The dynamic model of SOFC we explored in this paper is derived from Reference [22], which is applied by other scientists in the study of SOFCs [23,24]
Summary
A fuel cell is an efficient electrochemical device which translates chemical energy into electrical energy [1]. To apply MPC methods, a huge amount of calculation is required, which will lead to the demand of high-performance computers This adds to the difficulty of realizing this type of control scheme. With a series of well-designed fuzzy logic rules, FLC can reach a good control performance with a small amount of calculation For these reasons, fuzzy logic control schemes are commonly used for nonlinear systems such as fuel cells [16,17] and wind turbine systems [18]. This paper (1) identifies the SOFC model and uses the identified model as a control object to optimize conventional PID controllers; (2) combines a fuzzy logic control scheme and a PID control scheme to design our proposed fuzzy adaptive PID controller; and (3) develops an anti-windup structure based on a back-calculation method to reduce saturation time and overshoot.
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