Abstract
The olfactory cortex (OC) is a complex yet evolutionarily well-conserved brain region, made up of heterogeneous cell populations that originate in different areas of the developing telencephalon. Indeed, these cells are among the first cortical neurons to differentiate. To date, the development of the OC has been analyzed using birthdating techniques along with molecular markers and in vivo or in vitro tracking methods. In the present study, we sought to determine the origin and adult fate of these cell populations using ultrasound-guided in utero injections and electroporation of different genomic plasmids into the lateral walls of the ventricles. Our results provide direct evidence that in the mouse OC, cell fate is determined by the moment and place of origin of each specific cell populations. Moreover, by combining these approaches with the analysis of specific cell markers, we show that the presence of pallial and subpallial markers in these areas is independent of cell origin.
Highlights
The cell populations that give rise to different structures during the embryonic development of the nervous system originate in multiple and distinct germinative regions, frequently far from the site at which they settle
At E18, T-box brain 1 (Tbr1) expression was restricted to the piriform cortex (PC) and endopiriform nucleus (End; Figures 3A,B), and Tbr1 expression was restricted to layers II and III in the mature PC (Figures 4A,B)
CR expression during olfactory cortex development The expression pattern of CR observed at E12 was similar to that of Tbr1, albeit more restricted to the PC (Figures 1C,D), with no labeling observed in the olfactory tubercle (OT)
Summary
The cell populations that give rise to different structures during the embryonic development of the nervous system originate in multiple and distinct germinative regions, frequently far from the site at which they settle. While radial movement involves the use of the radial glia as a scaffold (Rakic, 1972), tangential migration occurs independent of glial cells and follows an orthogonal route, parallel to the pial surface. This latter form of migration allows migratory cells to colonize locations at a significant distance from their origin (De Carlos et al, 1996; García-Moreno et al, 2010)
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