Abstract
Background: Excess selenium has been related with adverse lipid levels in previous epidemiological studies. Meanwhile, a functional variant in SEPP1 (encodes selenoprotein P), namely rs7579, has been suggested to modulate lipid metabolism. However, the interactions between selenium status and rs7579 polymorphism on lipid changes remain unclear.Objective: To examine whether the associations between plasma selenium and 3-year lipid changes is modified by rs7579 polymorphism.Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 1,621 individuals to examine the associations between baseline plasma selenium and 3-year lipid changes, as well as the interactions between plasma selenium and rs7579 polymorphism on lipid changes.Results: The median (interquartile range) concentration of plasma selenium was 91.68 (81.55–104.92) μg/L. Higher plasma selenium was associated with adverse 3-year lipid changes. Comparing the highest to the lowest quartiles of plasma selenium concentrations, 3-year lipid changes were elevated by 8.25% (95% CI: 1.54–14.96%) for triglycerides (P = 0.016), 5.88% (3.13–8.63%) for total cholesterol (P < 0.001), 7.37% (3.07–11.67%) for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.0008), 6.44% (2.66–10.21%) for non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.0009), 4.99% (0.62–9.36%) for total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (P = 0.025), and 7.00% (1.55–12.46%) for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (P = 0.012). In analyses stratified by rs7579 genotypes, positive associations between plasma selenium concentrations and 3-year changes in triglycerides, TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C ratio, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were observed among CC genotype carriers, but negative associations between plasma selenium and TC/HDL-C ratio, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio were observed among TT genotype carriers.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that plasma selenium was associated with 3-year lipid changes differentially by rs7579 genotypes, and higher plasma selenium was associated with adverse lipid changes among rs7579 CC genotype carriers, but not among T allele carriers.
Highlights
Selenium is an essential trace element which plays an important role in the antioxidant process by incorporating into selenoproteins [1]
After adjustment for sex, age, Body mass index (BMI), educational level, lifestyle factors, and respective baseline lipid, plasma selenium concentrations were positively associated with 3-year changes in triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (Table 2)
Comparing the highest to the lowest quartiles of plasma selenium concentrations, 3-year changes in lipid levels were elevated by 8.25% for triglycerides (P = 0.016), 5.88% (3.13–8.63%) for TC (P < 0.001), 7.37% (3.07–11.67%) for LDL-C (P = 0.0008), 6.44% (2.66–10.21%) for non-HDL-C (P = 0.0009), 4.99% (0.62–9.36%) for TC/HDL-C ratio (P = 0.025), and 7.00% (1.55–12.46%) for LDL-C/HDL-C ratio (P = 0.012)
Summary
Selenium is an essential trace element which plays an important role in the antioxidant process by incorporating into selenoproteins [1]. Because of this property, selenium supplementation has been suggested to protect against oxidative stress. Findings from previous studies indicated that SELENOP played a crucial role in the antioxidant-mediated protection against colitis-associated cancer [14, 15]. Previous findings showed that the changes in cholesterol levels were greater among rs7579 CC genotype than T allele carriers in response to Brazil nut supplementation [18]. Based on the function of rs7579 polymorphism, it can be anticipated that the associations between plasma selenium and changes in lipid levels are more pronounced in rs7579 CC genotype than T allele carriers. The interactions between selenium status and rs7579 polymorphism on lipid changes remain unclear
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