Abstract
This paper proposes an AC-DC converter for electrostatic vibration energy harvesting. The converter is composed of a CMOS full bridge rectifier and a CMOS shunt regulator. Even with 1 V CMOS, the open circuit voltage of the energy transducer can be as high as 10 V and beyond. Bandgap reference (BGR) inputs a regulated voltage, which is controlled by the output voltage of the BGR. Built-in power-on reset is introduced, which can minimize the silicon area and power to function normally found upon start-up. The AC-DC converter was fabricated with a 65 nm low-Vt 1 V CMOS with 0.081 mm2. 1 V regulation was measured successfully at 20–70 °C with a power conversion efficiency of 43%.
Highlights
Energy harvesting (EH) is technology for harvesting power for IoT edge devices from environmental energy using energy transducers [1]
In [11], another AC-DC converter was proposed to generate a posed of capacitor divider, switched capacitor converter, and full bridge rectifier (FBR) to convert power from standard CMOS-compatible voltage of 2 V from the magnetostrictive energy harvester
When the transducer can generate sufficient power for the IoT chip even with the AC-DC converter with 43% power conversion efficiency (PCE), it can be integrated into the same IoT chip without additional discrete components and the buck converter chip
Summary
Energy harvesting (EH) is technology for harvesting power for IoT edge devices from environmental energy using energy transducers [1]. Electrostatic energy transducers (ES-ETs) can convert vibration energy into electronic power [2,3]. In [4], a battery charger is proposed using two variable capacitors based on ES-ETs. Capacitance varies with vibration, resulting in variable voltage at the capacitor node. With sufficient amplitude in the voltage at the capacitor node, the battery can be charged with vibration energy. The priority in design was power conversion efficiency at a power of 1 mW rather than the cost and form factor. Experimental results are shown in Secin 65the nmcircuit low-Vt CMOS
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