A Frustrated Lewis Pair Catalyzed Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Imines Using Ammonia Borane.

Abstract

Inspired by the zwitterion species generated from the splitting of H2 by frustrated Lewis pairs, we put forward a novel frustrated Lewis pair by the combination of Hδ- and Hδ+ incorporated Lewis acid and base together. Piers' borane and chiral tert-butylsulfinamide were chosen as the FLP, and a metal-free asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of imines was realized with high enantioselectivities. Significantly, with ammonia borane as hydrogen source, a catalytic asymmetric reaction using 10 mol % of Piers' borane, chiral tert-butylsulfinamide, and pyridine additive, has been successfully achieved to furnish optically active amines in 78-99% yields with 84-95% ee's. Experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies reveal an interesting 8-membered ring hydrogen transfer transition state and an expected regeneration of reactive species with ammonia borane. Accordingly, a plausible catalytic pathway for this reaction is depicted.