A Frequency Stability Analysis for BESS Placement Considering the Loads and Wind farms Locations

Abstract

Power systems operating with a high level of inverter-based renewable generation resources, e.g. photovoltaic systems and wind turbines, may impose significant challenges on the power system dynamics, including the system frequency stability. The Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) has been recognised as a viable solution for system stability issues as it can rapidly respond to system disturbances, and also it provides high flexibility in terms of the storage capacity and placement locations. In the literature, the focus of BESS placement in frequency stability studies is mostly limited to that, the BESS placement is being identified based on the location of the highest frequency deviation in the power system using different optimisation techniques. The main issue of this technique is that it partly or even completely ignores some of the important factors in power systems, i.e. the overall system dynamics, the uncertainty of load demand and intermittent generation sources output power and the locations of the loads and the intermittent generation sources. This research, therefore, aims to fill this gap by considering the aforementioned factors in the BESS placement under two different analysis approaches, i.e. deterministic and probabilistic (long-term investigation). The simulation has been carried out in DIgSILENT PowerFactory software with Python interface and has been demonstrated using the IEEE 39-bus power system. The obtained results revealed that the BESS placement closer to the load's side (consumers' side) provides better frequency stability than when the BESS was placed near the wind farms' side (generation side).