Abstract
Ultra wideband (UWB) radio technology is nowadays one of the most promising technologies for medium-short range communications. It has a wide range of applications including Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with simultaneous data transmission and location tracking. The combination of location and data transmission is important in order to increase flexibility and reduce the cost and complexity of the system deployment. In this scenario, accuracy is not the only evaluation criteria, but also the amount of resources associated to the location service, as it has an impact not only on the location capacity of the system but also on the sensor data transmission capacity. Although several studies can be found in the literature addressing UWB-based localization, these studies mainly focus on distance estimation and position calculation algorithms. Practical aspects such as the design of the functional architecture, the procedure for the transmission of the associated information between the different elements of the system, and the need of tracking multiple terminals simultaneously in various application scenarios, are generally omitted. This paper provides a complete system level evaluation of a UWB-based communication and location system for Wireless Sensor Networks, including aspects such as UWB-based ranging, tracking algorithms, latency, target mobility and MAC layer design. With this purpose, a custom simulator has been developed, and results with real UWB equipment are presented too.
Highlights
The use of location and tracking information is an excellent tool to improve productivity and to optimize resource management in a wide range of sectors: industrial, medical, home-automation or military
The effect of delay on Location & Tracking (LT) algorithms is analyzed in Subsection 4.2.2 considering generic position update latency
In Subsection 4.2.4 the different proposed strategies for acquisition and distribution of location information are assessed with the common centralized architecture with 1 location controllers (LC), followed by the assessment of more advanced tracking functional architectures in subsection 4.2.5
Summary
The use of location and tracking information is an excellent tool to improve productivity and to optimize resource management in a wide range of sectors: industrial, medical, home-automation or military. Despite not being designed for that purpose, various widespread radio technologies such as cellular (GSM, UMTS, LTE) and short-medium range wireless systems (WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, RFID), may provide location information with different levels of accuracy, range and complexity [1,2]. Within this group of short range radio systems, Ultra-Wideband (UWB) stands out providing high accuracy on distance estimation with remarkable features concerning size and power consumption and allowing simultaneous location and data transmission [3]. Low complexity and low power consumption of UWB transceivers is essential in order to design battery-powered sensors
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