Abstract
Resilience in the urban context can be described as a continuum of absorptive, adaptive, and transformative capacities. The need to move toward a sustainable future and bounce forward after any disruption has led recent urban resilience initiatives to engage with the concept of transformative resilience when and where conventional and top-down resilience initiatives are less likely to deliver effective strategies, plans, and implementable actions. Transformative resilience pathways emphasize the importance of reflexive governance, inclusive co-creation of knowledge, innovative and collaborative learning, and self-organizing processes. To support these transformative pathways, considering techno-social co-evolution and digital transformation, using new data sources such as Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and crowdsourcing are being promoted. However, a literature review on VGI and transformative resilience reveals that a comprehensive understanding of the complexities and capacities of utilizing VGI for transformative resilience is lacking. Therefore, based on a qualitative content analysis of available resources, this paper explores the key aspects of using VGI for transformative resilience and proposes a comprehensive framework structured around the identified legal, institutional, social, economic, and technical aspects to formalize the process of adopting VGI in transformative resilience initiatives.
Highlights
Global development agendas such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs), the Sendai Framework, and the New Urban Agenda (NUA), as well as academic circles, have emphasized the importance of strengthening cities’ resilience to disasters in light of the growing spectrum of risks stemming from climate change, natural hazards, and, more recently, pandemics [1,2,3,4,5]
The importance of building urban resilience by considering the important role of governance, people, and technology to tackle challenges and create solutions in a place-based, integrated, inclusive, risk-aware, and forward-looking manner has compelled recent urban resilience initiatives to focus on the concept of transformative resilience, especially when incremental adaptation and conventional resilience planning are insufficient [5,8,9,10]
Studies were selected based on three inclusion criteria: (i) the article matches the keywords, (ii) the article discusses a type of transformation that Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) and crowdsourcing have caused, and (iii) the article discusses the added value and constraints of VGI in disaster resilience
Summary
Global development agendas such as the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (SDGs), the Sendai Framework, and the New Urban Agenda (NUA), as well as academic circles, have emphasized the importance of strengthening cities’ resilience to disasters in light of the growing spectrum of risks stemming from climate change, natural hazards, and, more recently, pandemics [1,2,3,4,5]. Transformational approaches stress the role of citizen participation, techno-social co-evolution, and reflexive governance processes at supranational, national, and local levels [11,12,13,14]. To guide transformations and strengthen community resilience, should longterm guiding visions and strategies be outlined to improve qualities such as transparency, self-organization, flexibility, and the active role of citizens [15,16], and, based on today’s problems, the development of policies based on the open exchange and multi-level collaboration using digital technologies and data innovations such as Big Data and citizengenerated data should be promoted [4,17]. It is recommended that in the era of digital and data transformation, countries explore the added value of using other data, such as social sensing, crowdsourcing, and Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI), to improve their data capabilities through near-real-time access to geospatial information, leading to betterinformed decisions to enable innovation in geospatial technology, improve the quality and applicability of disaster-related data, overcome institutional barriers, and increase community resilience by connecting people to geospatial information services [4,18,19,20]
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