A Fractional-N Divider for Phase-Locked Loop with Delta-Sigma Modulator and Phase-Lag Selector

Abstract

A fractional-N divider with delta-sigma modulator and phase-lag selector for phase-locked loop (PLL) is presented in this paper. Basically, the fractional-N frequency divider consists of a pre-divide-by-2 frequency divider (Div. 2), a phase selector (PS) with the auxiliary circuit, a multi-modulus frequency divider (MMD) and a delta-sigma modulator (DSM). With a 65nm CMOS process, the high speed circuit, like Div. 2, and low power circuits, like MMD and DSM, are designed. The proposed divider achieves 8.5GHz maximum operating frequency with 32–256 division range and less than 25 Hz frequency resolution. The divider power consumption is less than 8mA from a 1.2 V power supply at 6GHz.