A Fractal-designed stretchable and transparent microsupercapacitor as a Skin-attachable energy storage device

Abstract

We report on the fabrication of a fractal-designed transparent and stretchable (TS) microsupercapacitor (MSC) as a skin-attachable energy storage device for driving an integrated strain sensor (SS). The MSC is designed to have a fractal structure with long and narrow patterns to ensure high transparency and stretchability. MnO2/Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide/poly(methyl methacrylate) ([BMIM][TFSI]/PMMA) are used as electrodes and a stretchable electrolyte for the MSC, respectively. The fabricated MSC exhibits high transparency of 79% and an areal capacitance of 12.6 mF cm−2 at a current density of 5 mA cm−2. The TS MSC shows excellent mechanical stability in that it can maintain stable electrochemical performance even after 2000 repeated stretching cycles up to 30%. The TS SS is facilely prepared via spray coating of Ag nanowires (NWs) and subsequent curing of PDMS, where the transparency and the electrical resistance are controlled by adjusting the deposited volume of Ag NWs. Wrist bending and a wrist pulse are detected by the SS driven with the stored energy of the MSC. This work demonstrates the possible application of our TS MSC to future skin-attachable electronics as an integrated energy storage device.