A fluorescent carbon dots synthesized at room temperature for automatic determination of nitrite in Sichuan pickles

Abstract

In this paper, highly fluorescent carbon dots were synthesized from sodium ascorbate and polyethyleneimine at room temperature (R-CDs). The proposed green synthesis method was energy-saving, environmentally friendly and easy online. R-CDs exhibit an optimal emission peak of 490 nm under excitation at 380 nm with a quantum yield of 32 %. R-CDs morphology, composition, and properties were characterized using TEM, FTIR, XPS, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The study revealed that nitrite quenched the fluorescence of R-CDs under acidic conditions. Subsequently, this discovered reaction of R-CDs and nitrite was combined with flow-injection technology, and a simple, precise and automatic fluorescence strategy for nitrite determination was accomplished. The response to nitrite was linear in 5–300 μg·L−1 concentration range and the limit of detection was 2.85 μg·L−1 (3.3 S/k). This method was applied to nitrite determination in Sichuan pickles during the pickling process and results were consistent with the standard method, demonstrating its feasibility in practical applications.