Abstract
Abstract The concept of flow-field shaped (FFS) electrode was introduced for the first time and a FFS based three-electrodes system was built accordingly. Combined with a 3D-printed thin-layer flow cell (TLFC), a flow electrochemical system for detection of Cd2+ using square wave stripping voltammetry (SWSV) was thus constructed. Several factors that might affect the determination of Cd2+ were investigated, including the shape of the FFS electrode, the method of measurements, the buffer medium, the flow rate, and the deposition time. The results suggested this new detection system offered high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and great stability. Under the optimized conditions, the system showed a good linearity for detecting Cd2+ in the range of 2–100 μg L−1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.997, and a detection limit of 0.5 μg L−1 was achieved. Furthermore, the newly designed system was used to determine trace Cd2+ in environmental water samples and fermentation broths of biological methane. The results were consistent with that obtained with ICP-AES analysis and the recovery rates were found to be 90%–106%.
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