A flexible-reliable operation optimization model of the networked energy hubs with distributed generations, energy storage systems and demand response

Anoosh Dini,Alireza Hassankashi,Sasan Pirouzi,Matti Lehtonen,Behdad Arandian,Ali Asghar Baziar

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2021.121923

Abstract

This paper presents a novel optimization model for the flexible-reliable operation (FRO) of energy hubs (EHs) in electricity, natural gas, and district heating networks. To achieve flexible EH in the presence of renewable energy sources (RESs) and combined heat and power (CHP) system, energy storage systems (ESS) and incentive-based demand response program (IDRP) are used. The proposed problem minimizes the total expected costs of operation, reliability, and flexibility of the energy networks including EHs. The optimization scheme is constrained to the optimal power flow (OPF) equations and the reliability requirements of these networks and the EH model in the presence of sources and active loads, namely ESS and IDRP. Scenario-based stochastic programming (SBSP) is utilized to model uncertainties of load, energy cost, power generation of RES, and network equipment availability. The problem has a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) nature. Consequently, a hybrid teaching-learning-based optimization (TLBO) and crow search algorithm (CSA) is used to obtain a reliable optimal solution with a low standard deviation. Finally, by simulating the proposed scheme on a sample test system, the capabilities of this scheme in improving the reliability, operation, and flexibility of energy networks in accordance with the optimal scheduling for EHs are confirmed.

Highlights

Nowadays, with the advancement of new technologies for the generation and storage of environmentally-friendly energy and the interdependence of different energy sources, the use of energy hub (EH) framework to coordinate distributed generations (DGs) and active loads (ALs) has flourished [1]
The proposed flexible-reliable operation (FRO) scheme for the grid-connected EHs is coded in MATLAB software environment, and the numerical results from the various case studies are presented as follows
This paper describes the FRO optimization model for electrical, natural gas, and district heating networks in the presence of the EHs

Summary

Introduction

With the advancement of new technologies for the generation and storage of environmentally-friendly energy and the interdependence of different energy sources, the use of energy hub (EH) framework to coordinate distributed generations (DGs) and active loads (ALs) has flourished [1]. - As observed based on the literature, the operation of energy networks including EHs is modeled as an NLP or MINLP problem In some studies, such as [7e10,16,18,20,21], the linear approximation model has been used to solve it, but this method has a significant computational error. To compensate for the first and second research gaps, this paper as Fig. 1 models the flexible-reliable operation (FRO) of EHs in electricity, natural gas, and district heating networks. In this scheme, EH consists of CHP, electrical energy storage (EES), and incentive-based DRP (IDRP) to improve its flexibility in the electrical sector in the presence of RES.

Problem formulation

Solution method

Case study

Results

Conclusion