Abstract
An electrochemical symmetric capacitor with a modest energy and power densities has been fabricated using a commercially prepared carbon nanotubes as electrode and hybrid solid polymer electrolyte. This integrated separator and electrolyte layer is made up of a filter paper, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) doped with phosphoric acid at three different concentrations. The electrode material consisted of 90 % of the said carbon nanotubes and 10 % of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride-Co-Hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP). Three cells were then assembled as follows; cell-A (N90PVdF-HFP10 |H50| N90PVdF-HFP10), cell-B (N90PVdF-HFP10 |H60| N90PVdF-HFP10) and cell-C (N90PVdF-HFP10 |H70| N90PVdF-HFP10). These as-assembled symmetric supercapacitor with an optimal mass ratio was able to be operated reversibly over a wide voltage range of 0.0–3.0 V, depending on the cell-type. Overall, the supercapacitor fabricated from cell A exhibits excellent rate capability with a capacitance, energy and power densities of 163.66 Fg?1, 822.00 Jg?1 and 5.38 Jg?1s?1 respectively, and long-term cycling stability of 5000 cycles.
Highlights
The disproportionate usage of fossil fuels in order to earn a living and meet energy requirements has grossly affected the globe, causing climatic change due to the dramatic increase in the CO2 emission (i.e. Global warming)
The electrode material consisted of 90 % of the said carbon nanotubes and 10 % of Poly (Vinylidene Fluoride-Co-Hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP)
In view of the above, this work is aimed at presenting a flexible solid state electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) using carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as an electrode material and hybrid polymer electrolytes serving as a separator and electrolyte
Summary
The disproportionate usage of fossil fuels in order to earn a living and meet energy requirements has grossly affected the globe, causing climatic change due to the dramatic increase in the CO2 emission (i.e. Global warming). In order to decrease our current dependence on environmentally harmful fossil fuels, the society has to move toward pursuing sustainable and renewable resources. Supercapacitors are good example of such electrochemical energy storage systems which have higher power densities (Dubal & Rudolf, 2013) than batteries, fast charging and discharging rates, long cycle life, (Stepniak & Ciszewski, 2010). They are commercially used in electronic markets, (Bittner et al, 2012; Wu et al, 2012), hybrid electric vehicles, (Shi et al, 2013) and other number of applications
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