Abstract
A flexible electrode system entirely constituted by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has been proposed as the sensor platform for β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) detection. The performance of the device, in terms of potential at which the electrochemical process takes place, significantly improves by electrochemical functionalization of the carbon-based material with a molecule possessing an o-hydroquinone residue, namely caffeic acid. Both the processes of SWCNT functionalization and NADH detection have been studied by combining electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical experiments, in order to achieve direct evidence of the electrode modification by the organic residues and to study the electrocatalytic activity of the resulting material in respect to functional groups present at the electrode/solution interface. Electrochemical measurements performed at the fixed potential of +0.30 V let us envision the possible use of the device as an amperometric sensor for NADH detection. Spectroelectrochemistry also demonstrates the effectiveness of the device in acting as a voltabsorptometric sensor for the detection of this same analyte by exploiting this different transduction mechanism, potentially less prone to the possible presence of interfering species.
Highlights
Introduction βNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is the co-factor of many enzymes belonging to the class of dehydrogenases [1,2]
These results indicate that the voltammetric technique is not appropriate to determine When considering linear sweep voltabsorptograms (LSVA) recorded in the different NADH
The results reported in this paper demonstrate that single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) electrochemically functionalized by caffeic acid (CFA) molecules are suitable to act as the sensing element for detection of NADH
Summary
Introduction βNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is the co-factor of many enzymes belonging to the class of dehydrogenases [1,2]. Oxidation of NADH at conventional electrodes, namely glassy carbon, Pt, and Au, requires high overpotentials and induces massive passivation of the surface [4,5,6,7]. For this reason, many materials have been developed and studied so far, aiming at realization of efficient amperometric sensors for the detection of this analyte [8,9,10].
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