Abstract
A new CuII complex (1) was synthesized by reacting 4-chlorobenzoic acid, benzimidazole and metal salt using ethanol–water (1:1 v/v) as a solvent at room temperature. The complex was characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis, FTIR and UV—vis spectroscopy. A distorted square pyramidal geometry of the CuII center was observed from the single-crystal X-ray study, which also revealed that the uncoordinated oxygen atom of the carboxylate anions forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds with the N–H groups of the benzimidazole ligands. The Hirshfeld analysis results revealed that the molecular packing of 1 is mainly controlled by O...H (12.7%), Cl...H (16.4%), C...H (24.4%) and H...H (31.1%) contacts. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to compute the HOMO–LUMO energy gap and electrostatic potential map for the charge transfer regions within the molecule and identify the possible electrophilic and nucleophilic regions of the molecule. A number of reactivity parameters calculated on the basis of EHOMO and ELUMO show its significant polarizability and reactive nature. Complex 1 was also examined and screened for its potential antibacterial effect using the agar well diffusion method. The newly synthesized complex showed an effective and higher killing rate of the microbes in antibacterial testing compared to the parent ligand. The CuII complex (1) showed an enhanced inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa and equally demonstrated greater binding affinity with DNA gyrase (1KIJ) compared to its ligands according to the molecular docking studies.
Highlights
There have been numerous studies directed at the synthesis of new metal complexes with potential biological activity [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Copper(II) carboxylate with pharmacological ligands is known to be more effective in combating and treating diseases compared to its parent ligands [9,28,29]. 4-Chlorobenzoic acid (4Clbz) bears one -COOH group (Figure 1b) that can fashion into monodentate, bidentate and multidentate modes of coordination [30,31,32,33,34,35]
A new mononuclear CuII carboxylate complex was synthesized via the reaction of hydrated copper nitrate, p-chlorobenzoic acid (4Clbz), in the presence of benzimidazole
Summary
There have been numerous studies directed at the synthesis of new metal complexes with potential biological activity [1,2,3,4,5,6]. The mode of coordination of nitrogenous donor ligands with other coligands, with respect to the metal center in the same system, can enhance the biological activity of metal complexes [24,25,26]. Metal ions such as copper have been studied and empirical evidence about their biological activity in many biochemical processes has been attained [27]. By using a molecular docking study, Cu(II) complex, 4-chlorobenzoic acid and benzimidazole were treated with DNA gyrase (1KIJ) to observe their various interactions and binding affinities
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