Abstract
The effect of sea floor roughness on the reflection of sound diverging from a spherical source is investigated. An ensemble of water‐sediment interface realizations are modeled, each with height statistics matching those of a rough surface prepared in a laboratory experiment. Using the finite‐element method to solve the Helmholtz equation, time harmonic solutions from 40 to 60 kHz are calculated. From these frequency domain solutions, the band limited impulse response time domain solution is constructed via Fourier synthesis. The first two moments of the spherical wave reflection coefficient are determined as a function of grazing angle, and results are compared to measurements from the laboratory experiment. [Work supported by ONR, Ocean Acoustics.]
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