A finite element analysis of incompressible turbulent backstep flow with heat transfer

Abstract

The finite element method is investigated as a means of simulating incompressible turbulent flow with heat transfer. The governing equations include the complete, two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations expressed in terms of primitive variables. The turbulent viscosity is determined by a two-equation (k-epsilon) model of turbulence. Both high Reynolds number and low Reynolds number forms of the two-equation model are considered. The formulation is first tested in a fully developed channel flow developed channel flow geometry. Although the high Reynolds number turbulence model is found to be incompatible with the current numerical scheme, good results are obtained using the low Reynolds number model. The formulation is then applied successfully to flow past a confined backward facing step. The results of the current calculations are compared with experimental data and a variety of other computational results.