Abstract
The performance of three turbulence closure schemes (TCSs), the generic length scale scheme (GLS), the Mellor–Yamada 2.5 scheme (MY2.5) and the K-profile parameterization scheme (KPP), embedded in the ocean model ROMS, was compared with attention to the reproduction of summertime temperature distribution in the Yellow Sea. The ROMS model has a horizontal resolution of 1/30° and 30 vertical sigma layers. For model validation, root mean square errors were checked, comparing model results with wave and temperature buoy data as well as tidal station data supplied by various organizations within the Republic of Korea. Computed temperature and vertical temperature diffusion coefficients were mainly compared along Lines A (36° N) and B (125° E) crossing the central Yellow Sea, Lines C (32° N) and E (34° N) passing over the Yangtze Bank and Line D off the Taean Peninsula. Calculations showed that GLS and MY2.5 produced vertical mixing stronger than KPP in both the surface and bottom layers, but the overall results were reasonably close to each other. The lack of observational data was a hindrance in comparing the detailed performance between the TCSs. However, it was noted that the simulation capability of cold patches in the tidal mixing front can be useful in identifying the better performing turbulence closure scheme. GLS and MY2.5 clearly produced the cold patch located near the western end of Line E (122° E–122.3° E), while KPP hardly produced its presence. Similar results were obtained along Line D but with a less pronounced tidal mixing front. Along Line C, GLS and MY2.5 produced a cold patch on the western slope of the Yellow Sea, the presence of which had never been reported. Additional measurements near 125° E–126° E of Line C and along the channel off the Taean Peninsula (Line D) are recommended to ensure the relative performance superiority between the TCSs.
Highlights
The Yellow Sea (YS) is a semi-enclosed marginal sea in the northwestern Pacific connected to the Bohai Sea and the East China Sea on the north and south, respectively.The water depth of the YS is relatively shallow, with a mean value of approximately 44 m and a maximum value of 80 m in the central trough of the YS
Comparative results from three turbulence closure schemes (TCSs) are described below
From close examination of the results, we found that K-profile parameterization scheme (KPP) produced slightly stronger stratification than generic length scale scheme (GLS) and MY2.5
Summary
Comparison of Turbulence Closure Schemes in Reproducing Temperature Distributions. Youngjin Choi 1 , Youngmin Park 1 , Minbum Choi 1 , Kyung Tae Jung 2 and Kyeong Ok Kim 3, *.
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