A Filter-Free Third Overtone Quartz Oscillator Based on Micromachining Technology.

Abstract

This work investigates an AT-cut quartz crystal oscillator (XO) operating at its enhanced third overtone thickness shear (TS) mode while suppressing the fundamental TS mode by micromachining technology. A unique quartz plate structure has been proposed to alleviate the strong resonant signal from the first mode. A finite-element method (FEM) was used to characterize the first mode suppression while improving the performance of third overtone in terms of Q -factor and motional resistance ( Rm ) of the proposed device. In measurement, the unloaded Q -factor of the fundamental TS mode is from several tens of thousands (the reference design) to only several hundred (the proposed design). Meanwhile, the unloaded Q -factor of the third overtone response for the proposed design could reach Q ∼95 000 with a decent Rm . The Q -factor ratio attains 170-180 between the third overtone and fundamental modes. With the feature of low Q -factor on the fundamental mode, the oscillator system could successfully oscillate at a higher frequency without the help of bandpass filtering. Finally, the closed-loop oscillation measurement is performed for the phase noise (PN) characterization. The PN performance could reach -154.5 dBc/Hz at a 1-kHz offset at the carrier frequency of ∼ 60 MHz. This technique has proven its potential as a future solution of high-frequency quartz oscillator technology.