Abstract
Biometric recognition systems based on 3D palmprint captured with optical technology have been widely investigated in the last decade; however, they can provide information about the external skin surface only. This limit can be overcome by Ultrasound, which allows gaining information on the depth of palm lines and can verify the liveness of the sample, making the recognition systems very hard to fake. In this work, a feasible palmprint recognition system based on 3D ultrasound images is proposed. Unlike previous wet setups, the coupling between probe and human is realized through a gel pad, which permits a comfortable and precise positioning of the hand by the user. Collected 3D images are processed to generate 2D palmprint images at various under-skin depths. 2D features are then extracted from these images, experimenting with different procedures, and are merged to define a 3D template that contains lines’ depth information. Recognition performances were evaluated by performing verification and identification experiments on a home-made database composed of 423 samples from 55 volunteers. An EER rate of 0.36% and an identification accuracy of 100% are obtained. The suitability of the proposed system in secure access control applications is finally discussed.
Highlights
The increasing demand for biometric authentication systems has pushed scientific research to investigate and experiment with both new technologies to collect biometric characteristics and new techniques to extract features and to evaluate recognition accuracy.Among the various biometric characteristics, palmprint is receiving a lot of attention by researchers due to its rich texture, which can be exploited both in law and forensic applications by capturing high-resolution images [1]–[4] and in a wide variety of access control systems by using low-resolution images [5]–[7]
Palmprint has often been combined with other biometrics like palm vein pattern in multimodal systems [17]–[19], realizing a biometric fusion between the characteristics
The same volumetric image can be exploited for extracting other 3-D palmprint features through curvature methods [34] as well as other features than palmprint like inner hand geometry [65], hand geometry [66], [67] and vein pattern [68], [69], implementing in this way a hand-based multimodal system, which is expected to improve the overall performances of the system
Summary
The increasing demand for biometric authentication systems has pushed scientific research to investigate and experiment with both new technologies to collect biometric characteristics and new techniques to extract features and to evaluate recognition accuracy.Among the various biometric characteristics, palmprint is receiving a lot of attention by researchers due to its rich texture, which can be exploited both in law and forensic applications by capturing high-resolution images [1]–[4] and in a wide variety of access control systems by using low-resolution images [5]–[7]. Palmprint recognition was only based on features extracted from 2D optical images, which allow having quick and accurate systems [8], but can be forged [9]. Palmprint has often been combined with other biometrics like palm vein pattern in multimodal systems [17]–[19], realizing a biometric fusion between the characteristics. This modality is frequently used because it offers several advantages, including an increase in recognition performances of the system
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