Abstract
Due to the brittleness, monolithic glass may fracture under impact, resulting in catastrophic sequences. The combined finite-discrete element method, i.e., FDEM, is employed to investigate both the oblique and the perpendicular impact failures of monolithic glass parametrically, particularly the soda-lime glass. Using FDEM, glass is discretised into discrete elements where a finite element formulation is incorporated, leading to accurate evaluation of the contact forces and structural deformation. Following the basic theories of the FDEM, a cohesive Mode I fracture model of glass is briefly introduced. Numerical examples are given for the verification of the employed fracture model and the applicability of the FDEM, and comparisons have been made against the computational and experimental results in the literature. The investigated parameters include the impact velocity, the impact angle, the material properties of glass, etc. The obtained results not only revealed the impact fracture mechanism of soda-lime glass but also provided guidance for its design and manufacturing.
Highlights
Buildings 2022, 12, 271. https://Glass has been increasingly used as load bearing as well as non-load bearing members in engineering due to its transparent appearances and appealing functions
The discrete elements were generated automatically in severely deformed regions, and the model was validated through glass impact fracture simulation
Concluding remarks are reached in previous work [36], a parametric investigation into the impact fracture of monolithic glass using the finite-discrete element method (FDEM) was conducted in this study, and an Element into the glass impact fracture mechanism wasMethod provided
Summary
Glass has been increasingly used as load bearing as well as non-load bearing members in engineering due to its transparent appearances and appealing functions. The discrete elements were generated automatically in severely deformed regions, and the model was validated through glass impact fracture simulation. The FDEM program ‘Y’ using the Munjiza-NBS contact detection algorithm [23] and a cohesive cracking model [24] was employed to simulate the impact fracture of glass. Work [34,35] addressed the impact fracture simulations on the monolithic and the laminated glass with the FDEM. In Munjiza et al [39], impact fracture and the post-failure of 3D glass shells were presented using the FDEM elements. Concluding remarks are reached in previous work [36], a parametric investigation into the impact fracture of monolithic glass (especially the soda-lime glass) using the FDEM was conducted in this study, and an.
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