A fault diagnosis approach for roller bearings based on EMD method and AR model

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to propose a new fault feature extraction approach based on empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method and autoregressive (AR) model for roller bearings. AR model is an effective approach to extract the fault feature of the vibration signals and the fault pattern can be identified directly by the extracted fault features without establishing the mathematical model and studying the fault mechanism of the system. However, AR model can only be applied to stationary signals, while the fault vibration signals of a roller bearing are non-stationary. Aiming at this problem, in this paper, the EMD method is used as a pretreatment to decompose the non-stationary vibration signal of a roller bearing into a number of intrinsic mode function (IMF) components which are stationary, then the AR model of each IMF component can be established. The AR parameters and the remnant's variance of the AR models of each IMF components are regarded as the feature vectors. The Mahalanobis distance criterion function is used to identify the condition and fault pattern of a roller bearing. Experimental analysis results show that the roller bearing fault features can be extracted by the proposed approach effectively.