Abstract
The tripole vector antenna comprises three orthogonal dipole antennas, so it could completely capture all the electric field of the incident electromagnetic (EM) wave. Then, the electric field information could be used to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA) of the EM wave if two conditions are satisfied. One is that there exists only one single EM wave in space. The other is that the EM wave is elliptically or circularly polarized. The new estimation method obtains two snapshot vectors through the output of a tripole antenna and computes their cross-product vector. Furthermore, the direction of the cross-product vector is used to estimate the DOA of the EM wave directly. We analyze the statistical characteristics of the DOA estimation error to prove that the new scheme is an asymptotic unbiased estimation. Furthermore, unlike the existing Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC)-based algorithms, the proposed approach only need one tripole vector antenna instead of an antenna array. Meanwhile, the new method also outperforms existing MUSIC-based algorithms in the term of computational complexity. Finally, the performance and advantages of the proposed method are verified by numerical simulations.
Highlights
The incident angle of the electromagnetic (EM) wave relative to the receiver is called direction of arrival (DOA)
Document [21] proposed a DOA estimation method based on polarization-spatial steering vector
Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) is a DOA estimation method based on subspace, which uses eigenvalue decomposition to the covariance matrix and searches peaks by spatial spectrum
Summary
The incident angle of the electromagnetic (EM) wave relative to the receiver is called direction of arrival (DOA). In addition to the huge computation of the spectral peak search, this kind of DOA algorithm involves various complex operations such as matrix eigenvalue decomposition, which resulting in difficulties in the engineering implementation of programmable devices, such as FPGA Another challenge is that these antenna arrays generally have a large number of elements and each element needs a corresponding radio frequency front-end channel, which makes the hardware cost very high. Document [21] proposed a DOA estimation method based on polarization-spatial steering vector It uses a tripole antenna but needs to know the elliptical susceptibility of the polarized signal. The DOA estimation method based on the tripole vector antenna is suitable need to solve equations such as the interferometer or search the spectral peak such as array signal for anyprocessing nonlinearly polarized.
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