A fast and accurate bistatic bottom reverberation model

Abstract

A simple bistatic reverberation model has been developed to model low‐frequency, wideband, bottom, or surface reverberation. The model allows for arbitrary separation of source and receiver in both range and depth, and accommodates both source and receiver beam patterns. Total reverberation is computed by the incoherent summation of the incremental contributions from each three‐dimensional ray path connecting the source, scattering element, and receiver. Simplified ray path calculations are made with either a constant or a linear sound speed profile, assuming spherical spreading along each ray, and specular reflection from the flat, horizontal boundary interfaces. Acoustic characteristics of the surface and bottom are assumed to be completely represented by the reflection loss and scattering strength functions. A realistic representation of generalized bistatic scattering [D. D. Ellis and D. R. Haller, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Suppl. 182, S124 (1987)] has been successfully used to model reverberation from expl...