Abstract
A family of super-parametric special-purpose finite elements for analysis of ribbed and reinforced concrete shells is introduced. Any shell element may comprise an arbitrary number of curved ribs and/or reinforcing bars. The finite element formulation is conceived as an extension of Ahmad's thick shell element. The displacements and deformations of the ribs and/or reinforcing bars are consequently derived from the customary displacement definition of the thick shell elements. The formulation properly takes into account the excentricity of the ribs and/or reinforcing bars with respect to the middle surface of the plate or shell. Examples shown at the end of the paper illustrate the great efficiency of the concept in practical applications.
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