Abstract
Ion-sieves are a class of green adsorbent for extraction Li+ from salt lakes. Here, we propose a facile synthesis of hexagonal spinel LiMn2O4 (LMO) precursor under mild condition which was first prepared via a modified one-pot reduction hydrothermal method using KMnO4 and ethanol. Subsequently, the stable spinel structured λ-MnO2 (HMO) were prepared by acidification of LMO. The as-prepared HMO shows a unique hexagonal shape and can be used for rapid adsorption-desorption process for Li+ adsorption. It was found that Li+ adsorption capacity of HMO was 24.7 mg·g−1 in Li+ solution and the HMO also has a stable structure with manganese dissolution loss ratio of 3.9% during desorption process. Moreover, the lithium selectivity ( α Mg Li ) reaches to 1.35 × 103 in brine and the distribution coefficients ( K d ) of Li+ is much greater than that of Mg2+. The results implied that HMO can be used in extract lithium from brine or seawater containing high ratio of magnesium and lithium.
Highlights
Lithium and its compounds—known as “industrial monosodium glutamate” [1]—are widely used in significant fields such as batteries, ceramics, glass, alloy, lubricants, refrigerants and the nuclear industry [2,3]
Manganese series spinel ion-sieves are widely used in lithium ion adsorption, which primarily includes λ-MnO2, MnO2 ·0.3H2 O and MnO2 ·0.5H2 O, after removal of lithium by acidification from precursors LiMn2 O4 [11], Li4 Mn5 O12 [12,13] and Li1.6 Mn1.6 O4 [14,15,16], respectively
The morphology of the samples was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM, S-4800, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan) while morphology and crystal lattice were obtained by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM, Libra120, Carl Zeiss AG, Jena, Germany)
Summary
Lithium and its compounds—known as “industrial monosodium glutamate” [1]—are widely used in significant fields such as batteries, ceramics, glass, alloy, lubricants, refrigerants and the nuclear industry [2,3]. LMO preparation often require high energy consumption soft-chemical process) for fabrication of LMO usuallymethods exhibits high purity, excellent crystal integrity andmultiple good dispersion. Xiao et al [22] prepared the ultrafine LMO method ( known as soft-chemical process) for fabrication of LMO usually exhibits high purity, powder by mixing Mn(NO3) with ammonia to produce precipitate, they impregnated the excellent crystal integrity and 2good. Despite the liquid-phase method being well investigated and developed, simplifying from low-valence manganese, which is beneficial for lithium extraction from brine with high. HMO synthesized from high-valence manganese reaction temperature) in preparing of LMO. The solution was transferred into a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-lined stainless-steel autoclave, heated at the
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