A facile strategy toward hierarchically porous composite scaffold for osteosarcoma ablation and massive bone defect repair

Abstract

The surgical treatment of osteosarcoma remains a challenge because of massive bone defects and tumor recurrence. Herein, a facile strategy inspired by cooking is developed to fabricate hierarchically porous composite scaffold for bone tumor ablation and massive bone defect repair. Silk fibroin (SF) as a biological foaming agent is foamed by mechanical stirring to form physical hydrogel through strong interaction with 2D Ti 3 C 2 MXene nanosheets . Bacterial cellulose (BC) is used to stabilize air bubbles to keep porous structure . Hierarchically porous SF/BC/MXene (FSCM) scaffold with ∼200 μm macropore and nanofibrillar wall is acquired by lyophilization. Such FSCM composite scaffold presents prominent osteosarcoma ablation performance after near-infrared (NIR) light irradiation, and features excellent bone defect repair ability. This work represents a newly strategy to fabricate hierarchically porous bifunctional scaffold for enhancing bone tumor ablation and facilitating massive bone defect repair in the clinical treatment of osteosarcoma. • Protein foaming is a valid strategy for fabricating multifunctional bone tissue engineering composite scaffold. • MXene endowed FSCM scaffold with excellent osteosarcoma ablation performance. • Hierarchically porous bio-mass scaffold presented prominent bone defect repair capability. • Multifunctional bio-mass composite scaffold showed great prospect for the clinical treatment of osteosarcoma.