Abstract
A facile electrochemical sensor for the determination of nonylphenol (NP) was fabricated in this work. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), which formed a bilayer on the surface of the carbon paste (CP) electrode, displayed a remarkable enhancement effect for the electrochemical oxidation of NP. Moreover, the oxidation peak current of NP at the CTAB/CP electrode demonstrated a linear relationship with NP concentration, which could be applied in the direct determination of NP. Some experimental parameters were investigated, such as external solution pH, mode and time of accumulation, concentration and modification time of CTAB and so on. Under optimized conditions, a wide linear range from 1.0 × 10−7 mol·L−1 to 2.5 × 10−5 mol·L−1 was obtained for the sensor, with a low limit of detection at 1.0 × 10−8 mol·L−1. Several distinguishing advantages of the as-prepared sensor, including facile fabrication, easy operation, low cost and so on, suggest a great potential for its practical applications.
Highlights
Nonylphenol (NP) is a degradation product of alkylphenol ethoxylates [1,2], which has been widely used in industry, business or household as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, and dispersing agents [3,4] for more than 40 years
No peak is observed at the carbon paste (CP) electrode modified with 7.0 × 10−4 mol·L−1 Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in the absence of NP
Gives a much bigger oxidation peak in the presence of NP with the same concentration, indicating that the presence of CTAB can enhance the oxidation of NP at the CP electrode
Summary
Nonylphenol (NP) is a degradation product of alkylphenol ethoxylates [1,2], which has been widely used in industry, business or household as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents, and dispersing agents [3,4] for more than 40 years. NP can enter the human body directly through the food chain. NP can be accumulated in the organs of fish and birds, and enter human body through food chain because of its high stability and lipid solubility [7]. Considering that NP can cause huge potential harm to human health and environment as described above, it is of great significance to develop sensitive methods for the detection of NP. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) is a kind of cationic surfactant which has been extensively employed to enhance the sensitivity of electrochemical sensors [20]. It has a hydrophilic head on one side and a long hydrophobic tail on the other side. The sensor presented a rapid and sensitive amperometric response to NP, which makes it great potential for NP detection
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