Abstract
The fabrication of the electrode surface has been a target of investigation for several researchers trying to increase the analytical performance of electrochemical sensors. Here, the use of a trihexyltetradecylphosphonium ionic liquid functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes and zinc oxide nanoparticles as an active nanocomposite for the electrochemical detection of isoniazid (INZ) has been proposed for the first time. The fabricated glassy carbon electrode was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, under the optimized conditions, the proposed electrochemical sensor exhibited a synergetic effect of the multiwalled carbon nanotubes and ionic liquid anchored on its backbone, which promoted a substantial enrichment of the electrochemical oxidation of INZ. The developed sensor showed an 8-fold improvement in the differential pulse voltammetry signal carried out at pH 5 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS). The figures of merits were found such as linear dynamic response for INZ concentration ranging from 2 to 28 μM with detection and quantification limits of 0.012 and 0.21 μM, respectively. The applicability of the proposed electrode materials in the pharmaceutical industry was shown.
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