Abstract
In past decades, considerable advances have been achieved in micro and nanomotors. Particular attention has been given to self-propelled catalytic micromotors, which have been widely used in cell separation, drug delivery, microsurgery, lithography and environmental remediation. Fast moving, long life micromotors appear regularly, however it seems there are no solutions yet that thoroughly clarify the hydrodynamic behavior of catalytic micromotors moving in fluid. Dynamic behavior of this kind of micromotors is mainly determined by the driving force and drag force acting on the micromotors. Based on the hydromechanics theory, a hydrodynamic model is established to predict the drag force for a conical micromotor immersed in the flow field. By using the computational fluid dynamics software Fluent 18.0 (ANSYS), the drag force and the drag coefficient of different conical micromotors are calculated. A mathematical model was proposed to describe the relationship among Reynolds numbers Re, the ratio λ, the semi-cone angle δ and the drag coefficient Cd of the micromotors. This work provides theoretical support and reference for optimizing the design and development of conical micromotors.
Highlights
Micromotors with good potential in the medical and biological fields have been developed for decades
Efficient and fast micromotors can be applied to environmental chemistry [1,2,3,4], drug delivery [5,6,7], microsurgery [8,9] and cell separation [10,11]
For bubble-driven tubular micromotors, there are two kinds of forces influencing the movement of micromotors
Summary
Micromotors with good potential in the medical and biological fields have been developed for decades. In order to improve the efficiency and velocity of micromotors, various geometries of micromotors with their propulsion mechanisms have been proposed. One is the driving force produced by bubbles and flow field, and the other one is drag force caused by viscosity and pressure of the flow field. The velocity of the micromotor is determined by the balance of the driving force and the drag force [29,30]. According to fluid mechanics theory, fluid resistance of micromotors viscous force, caused by the shearing motion of the fluid, plays a major part in drag force [31]. For the micromotor motion process, the average velocity can be introduced to evaluate the micromotor speed [33,34]. FAolrlctehferommodthifieeindnfeorrmsuurflaascearceanu’stebde tnoedgleetcetremdi.ne the drag force on the tubular micromotors Athceodrrreacgtefdordcreagonfosrocelidfoermlliuplsaoiwd,as cyplirnodpeorseodrbcyoLnieetfrauls. t[u1m5]., Cthoemptulebxulsahrapmeiccroormreocttioorn dpeasriagmnsetewristhareainhtorloldowucecdontostdruecsctiroibneathdedsdraag cofmorpcelicoaftcioonn.icTahleminicnreormsoutrofarsceasofFtdhraegt=ubulnl(aL2r/πRmμ)Li+vcrCo1m[o38to]rbmasaekdeos ncotnhteadctrawgitfhortcheeeflquuiadt,imonesamnienngtitohnaet d thaebdorvaeg. fAolrlctehferommodthifieeindnfeorrmsuurflaascearceanu’stebde tnoedgleetcetremdi.ne the drag force on the tubular micromotors
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