A dynamic evolution model of balanced energy consumption scale-free fault-tolerant topology based on fitness function for wireless sensor networks

Abstract

The network life can be prolonged to some extent by the scale-free topology which has strong fault-tolerance for the random failure of nodes. However, the unevenness of the scale-free topological structure can result in the imbalance of consumption of network. In order to resolve the problem, a dynamic evolution model of consumption of balanced energy with scale-free fault-tolerant topology based on fitness function for wireless sensor networks is proposed. First, the effect of nodal energy and the distance between the nodes on the network life is analysed as per the energy consumption model. Thereafter, the ratio between the residual energy of the node and the distance between nodes is used as the fitness function along with the dynamic behaviour of link and variations in network topology. Thus, a fault-tolerant topology model with scale-free properties is obtained. The simulation results indicate that the proposed model can not only balance the energy consumption of the nodes and the network by prolonging the life of network, but can enhance the fault tolerance and the invasion ability of the network by comparing with Barabási-Albert model (BA), energy aware evolution model (EAEM) and fault-tolerant topological model with energy consumption and load (FTEL).