Abstract
To reduce the time of aircraft passenger evacuation in an unplanned emergency and improve passenger safety, this article proposed a dynamic estimation method of an aircraft emergency evacuation process; optimal performance statistics can be estimated efficiently. Then, the emergency guiding model is established based on the cellular automata theory. In this model, multiple factors are considered, such as seat pitch, exit width, and occupant behavior. A total of six categories (target exit choice, movement direction selection, movement speed calculation, behavior representation, crew operation, and exit modeling) and 24 evacuation regulations are included. Two kinds of civil aircraft with 90 seats and 149 seats were tested individually using the proposed model and a traditional model. The total evacuation time can be reduced by more than 5%, and optimal performance statistics can be reduced by more than 30%. The results indicate that with this model, more lives can be saved in the case of an emergency.
Highlights
According to joint research by the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States, Transport Canada, and the Civil Aviation Administration of the United Kingdom, the proportion of nonfatal accidents in total accidents is increasing yearly, while death of passengers and crew members caused by accidents is decreasing.[1]
The statistical result shows that most people on board an aircraft can be successfully evacuated; there are still some people who are killed as they cannot escape in time.[2]
To effectively solve the problems above and shorten the evacuation time, considering the dynamic variation of exit availability, this article proposes a dynamic evaluation method for emergency evacuation based on Cellular Automata theory and builds a guiding model for the evacuation procedure in passenger aircrafts
Summary
According to joint research by the Federal Aviation Administration of the United States, Transport Canada, and the Civil Aviation Administration of the United Kingdom, the proportion of nonfatal accidents in total accidents is increasing yearly, while death of passengers and crew members caused by accidents is decreasing.[1]. The author suggested that the crew should guide passengers on board to evacuate from the front and rear cabin doors at an optimal evacuation time. In a real evacuation procedure, the exit availability in different locations and opening time of cabin doors can influence the evacuation procedure. Most existing evacuation models assume that interior layouts are stationary and leave out of random obstacles such as dining carts or cushions and carpets on the floor These models are unable to simulate the real evacuation process. To effectively solve the problems above and shorten the evacuation time, considering the dynamic variation of exit availability, this article proposes a dynamic evaluation method for emergency evacuation based on Cellular Automata theory and builds a guiding model for the evacuation procedure in passenger aircrafts. Path accessing: if the decision-making passenger at the current exit can evacuate to another exit or with another decision-making passenger at another exit, the path of the two exits is accessible
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