Abstract
A meteorological and dust monitoring tower with 20 m height set up at a Nomgon site in the Mongolian Gobi Deserts in 2010. The Nomgon monitoring tower equipped with wind speed sensors at 2, 4, 10 and 20 m height above the ground level (AGL), a wind direction sensor at 10 m height, a sonic anemometer to measure turbulent momentum flux at 8 m height and a soil moisture sensor at 5 cm depth. A dust storm was expected in the Mongolian Gobi from 30 April to 1 May 2016 and two aerosol monitors (Dust-Trak) were set at 0.9 and 2.95 m heights in the tower for measuring PM10. Above mentioned data from the tower during an intensive observation period (IOP) of the dust event are used in this study. In association with a surface cyclone, its frontal system and a trough aloft, dust concentrations of PM10 increased during the dust storm period due to raised wind speed in the dry conditions of air and soil. The present study aims to estimate friction velocity (u*) and vertical dust flux (F) around the Nomgon site during the dust storm period. The observations and estimation results are presented.
Highlights
Large amount of dust aerosol lifts up in the air due to windblown dust emission and severe dust storm events [1, 2, 3]
The dust event occurred in 30 April to 1 May in association with low-pressure system and its atmospheric cold front passed across the Gobi Deserts including the site
The main results of this study are summarized as follows: The dust event occurred from 30 April to 1 May
Summary
Large amount of dust aerosol lifts up in the air due to windblown dust emission and severe dust storm events [1, 2, 3]. Severe dust storm events make threats to human lives and cause considerable economic damages [4, 5, 6]. Windblown dust occurs where soil particles move by wind force. This process involves the dust cycle in the atmosphere. Dust emission takes place only for wind (U) and friction velocities higher than their threshold values [12]. Friction velocity is governed by the apparent roughness of the surface and atmospheric convection or stability [13, 14]. Wind speed friction velocities play a main role in
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