Abstract
A piezoelectric motor driven by the first-order torsional and first-order flexural (T/F) vibrations is designed, fabricated, and tested in this study. The actuating force is generated by the torsional vibration of the dumbbell-shaped vibrator, while the elliptical motion shape is adjusted with the flexural vibration. The rotor, pressed onto the vibrator’s lateral surface, is frictionally driven with the vibrator. Here, the torsional vibration, the shear modes of piezoelectric ceramics, and the driving method may contribute to high torque and high output power. To test the feasibility of our proposal, first, a prototype of the T/F vibrator is built and its vibration properties are explored. As predicted, the torsional and flexural vibrations are excited on the vibrator. Then, the load characteristics of the piezoelectric motor are investigated. The maximal torque, the no-load rotation speed, and maximal output power are 4.3 Nm, 125 r/min, and 16.9 W, respectively. The results imply that using the first-order torsional and the first-order flexural vibrations is a feasible method to achieve high torque and high output power of piezoelectric motors.
Highlights
Based on the inverse piezoelectric effect [1,2,3,4], piezoelectric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and utilize frictional force to achieve actuation [5,6,7,8,9,10]
We develop a vibrator working in the first-order torsional and the first-order flexural (T/F) vibrations to form a new piezoelectric motor
Since we aimed to prove the potential of using torsional and flexural vibrations to achieve high performance, we adopted a simple structure to achieve modal degeneration; this caused fr to be in the audible range
Summary
Based on the inverse piezoelectric effect [1,2,3,4], piezoelectric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and utilize frictional force to achieve actuation [5,6,7,8,9,10]. Vibrators are core components for piezoelectric motors, and they are generally composed by lead-zirconate-titanate (PZT) ceramics and metal vibrating bodies [1,16,17,18,19]. PZT ceramics basically work in three modes—i.e., thickness (d33 ), extensional (d31 ), and shear (d15 ) modes [1,20], where the d33 and d31 modes have been commonly adopted in conventional piezoelectric motors. Zhang et al [11] clamped the PZT disks with the d33 modes with a frog-shaped vibrating body to form a biconically inspired piezoelectric motor. Cao et al [10] bonded several PZT disks on a polymeric vibrating body and utilized the d31 mode to drive the slider.
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