Abstract
Conventionally, multilevel inverters utilise multi-carrier pulse width modulation or multi-stepped (staircase) modulation to produce high-power quality waveforms. Though multi-carrier modulation schemes reduce total harmonic distortion (THD), they lead to considerable switching loss at higher modulation indexes. The staircase modulation, which operates at low switching frequencies, has a limitation of excessive high THD at low modulation indexes, making it unsuitable at lower modulation indexes. The proposed modulation technique blends the advantages of multi-carrier pulse width modulation and staircase modulation to improve the THD and reduce the switching losses over a wide range of modulation indexes. The proposed multilevel inverter employs a modified level-shifted multi-carrier modulation at lower modulation indexes and shifts to sinusoidally approximated multi-stepped at moderate and higher modulation indexes. The carrier frequency of the multi-carrier modulation is varied according to the switching loss analysis to further enhance the THD. A 1 KW prototype was built to confirm the practicality of the proposed method.
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