Abstract
A dual-layer titania film consisting of a sol−gel anatase layer over an interconnected porous anatase one was fabricated and its photoelectrochemical behavior as well as photocatalytic ability were studied in detail. The porous layer was fabricated through direct oxidation of a metallic Ti substrate with an aqueous hydrogen peroxide at 80 °C for 1 h. The Ti substrate with the porous titania layer was then subjected to a sol−gel spin-coating to deposit the upper titania layer. The dual-layer titania film as a whole was phase pure anatase after a subsequent thermal treatment at 450 °C. The UV−vis diffuse reflectance spectra and ambient photoluminescence spectra indicated that the porous anatase possessed a band gap width narrower than that of the sol−gel derived anatase, which was attributed to the relatively larger amounts of surface oxygen deficiency. Under UV illumination, both the saturated photocurrent and the activity to assist photodegradation of rhodamine B in water were nearly double that of the si...
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