A Dual-Band Dual-Circularly-Polarized Slot Antenna With Stable In-Band Gain and Reduced Frequency Ratio Under Triple Resonance

Abstract

In this article, a dual-band dual-circularly polarized (CP) narrow slot antenna with stable in-band gain and reduced frequency ratio (FR) is proposed by resonating the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> -, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -, and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2{\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -modes. For this purpose, two critical issues are significantly investigated and explored. The first effort is attempted to construct two pairs of orthogonal polarization with opposite rotation, i.e., ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> - and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5{\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -modes) and ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5{\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> - and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2{\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -modes), by properly reshaping the equivalent magnetic currents of the slot radiator. Another attempt is to reallocate these modes in proximity to each other in virtue of stub-loaded technique and ensure them to resonate in the designated sequence of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -, <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.5{\it {\lambda }}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -, and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2{\it \lambda }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -modes instead of the inherent sequence. With these improvements, the dual-CP performance can be successfully realized for our designed antenna. Finally, for experimental verification, a dual-band dual-CP slot antenna in virtue of the proposed design approach is implemented and tested. It proves that the left- and right-hand CP radiation patterns toward the <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${z}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -axis are satisfactorily obtained around 1.88 and 2.39 GHz by simultaneously employing the triple resonance, thus revealing a small FR of 1.27. Moreover, the dual operation bands hold stable in-band gains of about 2.8 and 3.5 dBic. In addition, the CP antenna still maintains the single-layer, single-fed, and single-radiator properties, which evidently confirms the validity and effectiveness of the proposed design.