A Double-Loop Primary-Side Control Structure for HB-LED Power Regulation

Abstract

This paper presents a study of high-brightness LED (HB-LED) strings under power drive control, in which the LED's input power is controlled rather than its current. In the conventional constant current drive technique, any changes in the LED string's forward voltage results in output light variations due to a strong dependence between the LED output light to its input power. Under constant power drive control, the LED string's forward voltage variations due to ambient temperature changes and aging are compensated. To evaluate the power drive control method, an inner–outer-loop control structure is developed by utilizing an ac–dc flyback converter. To this end, a primary-side LED power estimator and controller are proposed to achieve simultaneous output power regulation and input power factor correction. An expression is obtained for the LED power in terms of its input current and ambient temperature that can provide qualitative and quantitative behavior in constant-current and constant-power drive regimes. Experimental results using a Cree CR22-32L LED string are presented and compared with the constant current drive technique for temperature variations in the range 25–80 $^\circ$ C. For the aforementioned temperature range and using similar hardware, the proposed controller results in an 8% reduction of the LED output light when compared to a 13% reduction using the constant current drive technique.