A dose–response study of thymosin β4 for the treatment of acute stroke

Abstract

BackgroundThymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a 5K actin binding peptide. Tβ4 improves neurological outcome in a rat model of embolic stroke and research is now focused on optimizing its dose for clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to perform a dose–response study of Tβ4 to determine the optimal dose of neurological improvement in a rat model of embolic stroke. MethodsMale Wistar rats were subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Rats were divided into 4 groups of 10 animals/group: control, 2, 12 and 18mg/kg. Tβ4 was administered intraperitoneally 24h after MCAo and then every 3days for 4 additional doses in a randomized controlled fashion. Neurological tests were performed after MCAo and before treatment and up to 8weeks after treatment. The rats were sacrificed 56days after MCAo and lesion volumes measured. Generalized estimating equation was used to compare the treatment effect on long term functional recovery at day 56. A quartic regression model was used for an optimal dose determination. ResultsTβ4 significantly improved neurological outcome at dose of 2 and 12mg/kg at day 14 and extended to day 56 (p-values <0.05). The higher dose of 18mg/kg did not show significant improvement. The estimated optimal dose of 3.75mg/kg would provide optimal neurological improvement. ConclusionsThis study shown that Tβ4 significantly improved the long term neurological functional recovery at day 56 after MCAo with an optimal dose of 3.75mg/kg. These results provide preclinical data for human clinical trials.