Abstract
The role of membrane potential in most intracellular organelles remains unexplored because of the lack of suitable tools. Here, we describe a fluorescent DNA-nanodevice that reports absolute membrane potential and can be targeted to organelles in live cells. This nanodevice, denoted Voltair, bears a voltage-sensitive fluorophore, a reference fluorophore for ratiometry, and acts as an endocytic tracer. Using Voltair we could measure the membrane potential of different organelles in situ in live cells. Voltair can potentially guide the rational design of biocompatible electronics as well as expand our understanding of how membrane potential regulates organelle biology.
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