Abstract
This paper presents a complete design, analysis, and performance evaluation of a novel distributed event-triggered control and estimation strategy for DC microgrids. The primary objective of this work is to efficiently stabilize the grid voltage, and to further balance the energy level of the energy storage (ES) systems. The locally-installed distributed controllers are utilised to reduce the number of transmitted packets and battery usage of the installed sensors, based on a proposed event-triggered communication scheme. Also, to reduce the network traffic, an optimal observer is employed which utilizes a modified Kalman consensus filter (KCF) to estimate the state of the DC microgrid via the distributed sensors. Furthermore, in order to effectively provide an intelligent data exchange mechanism for the proposed event-triggered controller, the publish-subscribe communication model is employed to setup a distributed control infrastructure in industrial wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The performance of the proposed control and estimation strategy is validated via the simulations of a DC microgrid composed of renewable energy sources (RESs). The results confirm the appropriateness of the implemented strategy for the optimal utilization of the advanced industrial network architectures in the smart grids.
Highlights
I N THE future modern smart grids, a direct current (DC) microgrid is becoming a natural substitution for the traditional power grid, mainly due to the ease of integration of the RESs
Once an event is generated, the data must be sent to the controller as fast as possible, in order to prevent the deviation of system behavior from the stable margin
The network traffic is considerably reduced comparing the number of packets generated at each bus with the proposed control strategy to the traditional sample-based control scheme. This investigation has thoroughly presented the design and performance evaluation of a novel distributed event-triggered control and estimation strategy. The objective of this controller is to effectively stabilize the voltage of a DC microgrid only by controlling the output voltages of the DC-DC converters connected to the ES systems
Summary
I N THE future modern smart grids, a direct current (DC) microgrid is becoming a natural substitution for the traditional power grid, mainly due to the ease of integration of the RESs. The DC microgrids have found the ever-increasing importance for the efficient realization of a number of crucial applications in the electric power industry, as they differentiate. Manuscript received December 5, 2017; revised March 5, 2018, April 25, 2018, and June 30, 2018; accepted July 6, 2018. Date of publication August 23, 2018; date of current version June 19, 2019. H. Mirsaeedi is with the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 123456421, Iran
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