A Distinct Aromatic Prenyltransferase Associated with the Futalosine Pathway

Abstract

Menaquinone (MK) is an electron carrier molecule essential for respiration in most Gram positive bacteria. A crucial step in MK biosynthesis involves the prenylation of an aromatic molecule, catalyzed by integral membrane prenyltransferases of the UbiA (4-hydroxybenzoate oligoprenyltransferase) superfamily. In the classical MK biosynthetic pathway, the prenyltransferase responsible is MenA (1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate octaprenyltransferase). Recently, an alternative pathway for formation of MK, the so-called futalosine pathway, has been described in certain micro-organisms. Until now, five soluble enzymes (MqnA-MqnE) have been identified in the first steps. In this study, the genes annotated as ubiA from T. thermophilus and S. lividans were cloned, expressed and investigated for prenylation activity. The integral membrane proteins possess neither UbiA nor MenA activity and represent a distinct class of prenyltransferases associated with the futalosine pathway that we term MqnP. We identify a critical residue within a highly conserved Asp-rich motif that serves to distinguish between members of the UbiA superfamily.