A discrete fiber network finite element model of arterial elastin network considering inter-fiber crosslinking property and density

Abstract

Inter-fiber crosslinks within the extracellular matrix (ECM) play important roles in determining the mechanical properties of the fibrous network. Discrete fiber network (DFN) models have been used to study fibrous biological material, however the contribution of inter-fiber crosslinks to the mechanics of the ECM network is not well understood. In this study, a DFN model of arterial elastin network was developed based on measured structural features to study the contribution of inter-fiber crosslinking properties and density to the mechanics and fiber kinematics of the network. The DFN was generated by randomly placing line segments into a given domain following a fiber orientation distribution function obtained from multiphoton microscopy until a desired fiber areal fraction was reached. Intersections between the line segments were treated as crosslinks. The generated DFN model was then incorporated into an ABAQUS finite element model to simulate the network under equi- and nonequi-biaxial deformation. The inter-fiber crosslinks were modeled using connector elements with either zero (pin joint) or infinite (weld joint) rotational stiffness. Furthermore, inter-fiber crosslinking density was systematically reduced and its effect on both network- and fiber-level mechanics was studied. The DFN model showed good fitting and predicting capabilities of the stress-strain behavior of the elastin network. While the pin and weld joints do not seem to have noticeable effect on the network stress-strain behavior, the crosslinking properties can affect the local fiber mechanics and kinematics. Overall, our study suggests that inter-fiber crosslinking properties are important to the multiscale mechanics and fiber kinematics of the ECM network.