Abstract
Radio frequency (RF) based Device-free localization and tracking (DFLT) monitors the change in received signal strength (RSS) measurements to locate the targets without carrying any electronic devices in the sensing area covered by a RF sensor network. This paper presents a new modified exponential model to accurately describe the relationship between the RSS measurements and the target state, which can effectively predict the variation of RSS when the target is present on line-of-sight (LOS) path or non-line-of-sight (NLOS) path. Based on the diffraction theory, we first show that the RSS attenuation caused by target mainly depends on two factors: the target-nodes distance and the target-link distance, which can be exploited to depict the change of RSS on LOS and NLOS, respectively. By taking into account these two factors, we then develop our model, and validate it with single link experiments. We finally explore the use of the proposed model with particle filter for DFLT, and demonstrate that our model can improve the DFLT performance by conducting actual experiments.
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