Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a commonly used plasticizer and additive to adhesives, printing inks and nail polishes. Because it has been found to be a powerful reproductive and developmental toxicant, a sensor to monitor DBP in some working spaces and the environment is required. In this work polyaniline nanofibers were deposited on the electrode of a quartz crystal oscillator to form a Quartz Crystal Microbalance gas sensor. The coated quartz crystal and a non-coated quartz crystal were mounted in a sealed chamber, and their frequency difference was monitored. When DBP vapor was injected into the chamber, gas adsorption decreased the frequency of the coated quartz crystal oscillator and thereby caused an increase in the frequency difference between the two crystals. The change of the frequency difference was recorded as the sensor response. The sensor was extremely sensitive to DBP and could be easily recovered by N2 purging. A low measurement limit of 20 ppb was achieved. The morphologies of the polyaniline films prepared by different approaches have been studied by SEM and BET. How the nanofiber-structure can improve the sensitivity and stability is discussed, while its selectivity and long-term stability were investigated.
Highlights
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), which is soluble in various organic solvents, is a commonly used plasticizer as well as an additive to adhesives, printing inks and nail polishes [1]
We study a Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor with a nanofiber polyaniline film for highly sensitive DBP detection in air
After drying for 96 h at room temperature, the nanofiber polyaniline was deposited on the surface of QCM, whose sensing area is 0.5 cm2, this forming a QCM sensor modified with a nanofiber-structured polyaniline film
Summary
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP), which is soluble in various organic solvents, is a commonly used plasticizer as well as an additive to adhesives, printing inks and nail polishes [1]. Several methods have been reported for the determination of phthalates using fluorescence immunoassay [8], high performance liquid chromatography [9], and mass spectroscopy [10]. Such techniques provide a low level of detection for phthalates, they are time consuming and have high instrumentation costs. Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensors have been widely investigated due to their high sensitivity, durability and linearity for mass of the target materials [11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. Besides evaluating of the sensor performance, the way in which the nanofiber-structure of polyaniline can be used to improve the response feature of the QCM sensors is investigated and discussed
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